Basic electronic

Electrical Circuit & Its elements 

An electrical circuit is define such that "The perfect combination of the electrical elements (Active & Passive) to form a close loop is known as electrical circuit" 

There are lots of arrangements possible between Active and Passive elements but for the easier form we consider all the electrical circuit in two parts. 

1.Series Connection 

In this type of connection all the electrical elements are connected in series such that "The current  flow through the different Passive elements (resistor, inductor, capacitor etc)  are same or constant." 

2.Parallel Connection 

This type of connection is define as "The voltage across all the Passive elements which are involve in circuit are same or constant". 

Here we will discuss about the terms Active & Passive elements. 

•"All the  Active elements are the source of energy ". ex- batteries, generator, etc.  It supplies the energy to all passive elements. 

•" All the Passive elements have a characteristics to dissipate or store the energy ". ex- Resistors is a energy dissipating element & Inductor,Capacitor are energy storing elements. 

In electrical the terms Unilateral & Bilateral are generally use so we know about these terms. 

•" Unilateral are the electrical devices  which can conduct current in single direction if we reverse the direction of electric field then no current flow through device. ex- transistor, diode etc. 

•Bilateral are the electrical elements which can conduct current in both directions without change it's magnitude. ex- resistors, inductor, capacitor etc. 

Some useful points about electrical circuit. 

•The flow of current in electrical circuit is possible by the flow of electrons. 

•The direction of flow of current is just opposite to the direction of flow of electrons. 

•All the electrical circuit follow the Krichoff's voltage law (KVL) and Krichoff's current law (KCL). 

•According to KVL the algebraic  sum of all the voltages in a close loop circuit is zero.
•And by the KCL rule the algebraic sum of all the currents at any junction of the circuit is zero.
let current is i1,   i2, i3, i4, i5,...............................ik at the junction then from KCL
i1 +i2 +i3+i4+i5.......... +ik =0